The ends of handrails and stair rail systems do not present any projection hazards. Strength criteria. Guardrail systems. Knoxville, Tennessee 37914 Specific OSHA stair requirements including riser height, tread depth, tread nosing, and stair landings are available in this post: OSHA Compliant Stairs: ErectaSteps Industrial and Commercial Stairs. Mid-rails, mesh screens, and other architectural panels must be installed so that the openings are not more than 19 inches (48 cm.) Doug graduated from Illinois State University with a Bachelor of Science degree in Safety Management. The U-Bolt of the clip should be applied to the dead end of the wire rope and the saddle on the live end. It is a common misconception that the worker is safe and in compliance as long as a distance of 6 ft is maintained from an unprotected edge. Figure D-14 -- Clearances for Fixed Ladders in Wells. The midrails are placed halfway between the top rail and the walking surface. [59 FR 40743, Aug. 9, 1994; 60 FR 5131, Jan. 26, 1995], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b), Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, 1926 Subpart M App B - Guardrail Systems - Non-Mandatory Guidelines for Complying with 1926.502(b). OSHA standard 1926.502(b)(3) requires guardrails to withstand a 200-pound concentrated load. Steel banding and plastic banding are not used for top rails or midrails. 28 abril, 2022. Simplified Safety was very knowledgeable in terms of OSHA requirements and provided a product that would satisfy OSHA requirements. Current ErectaStep tread depth (i.e. 1910.29 (f) Handrails and stair rail systems. Department of Labor and Industry (3) The maximum deflection of the top rail when a load of 200 pounds is applied in any direction at any point on the top rail shall not exceed 3 inches in one direction which includes the free hanging sag in the wire rope. Cable guardrails are commonly seen on construction projects. The section of the OSHA code that specifies most of the primary guardrail requirements and directly relates to safety railing is 1910.29. Approximately halfway between this height and the floor, there must be an intermediate rail that can withstand 150 pounds of force. Winding stairways may be used on tanks and similar round structures when the diameter of the tank or structure is at least 5 feet (1.5 m). The perimeter of the designated area is delineated with a warning line consisting of a rope, wire, tape, or chain that meets the requirements of paragraphs (d)(2) and (3) of this section. The employer must ensure: Platforms used with fixed ladders provide a horizontal surface of at least 24 inches by 30 inches (61 cm by 76 cm). You had a specific question regarding a modular guardrail system. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. Employers must ensure that each employee who climbs a fixed ladder without fall protection: Ladder safety systems. Section 1926.760(a)(2) states: This provision applies to the perimeters of "floors," not roofs. Guardrail systems are smooth-surfaced to protect employees from injury, such as punctures or lacerations, and to prevent catching or snagging of clothing. Are capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 50 pounds (222 N) applied in any downward or outward direction at any point along the toeboard. The chain or cable shall be provided with positive tensioning device (such as a turnbuckle) which will reduce the sag in the chain or cable to not more than 2 inches in a 20 foot span. Mr. William Dillon 1910.29(b)(1) - A standard railing shall consist of a top rail, an intermediate rail, and posts, and shall have a vertical height of 42 inches, plus or minus 3 inches, above the working-walking surface. The height of stair rail systems meets the following: (76 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail; and, SafeRack / ErectaStep / PerfectaStep / RollaStep, ErectaStep also has a line of commercial stairs. Response: No; OSHA's construction standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart M - Fall Protection, specifically 29 CFR 1926.502) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. The requirements of paragraphs (c)(2) and (3) do not apply to standard stairs installed prior to January 17, 2017. Install railings on any deck that is 30 inches or more from the surrounding surface and on at least one side of a stairway leading to the deck. OSHA states that guardrail must reach a height of 42 inches, plus or minus 3 inches, above the walking-working surface and withstand a force of 200 pounds at any point in a downward or outward direction. Risk Managers should keep the below in mind to share with their workers and safety committees. Safety cable guardrails can provide OSHA compliant fall protection for employees on a construction project. Top railing height must be 39 inches and 45 inches above the walking-working surface. Copyright 2023 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Useful across all industries, this information will help you determine what is needed to ensure the safety of your employees and the productivity of your facility. OSHA specifies that red, black and white colors are to be used for danger signs. 1910.29(k)(1) - A standard toeboard shall be 3 1/2 inches in vertical height from the top edge to the bottom level of the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. OSHA regulations state that cable railings must have a smooth top rail at 42 inches above the floor that is able to withstand at least 200 pounds of pressure from any direction. Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. The midrails should be placed halfway between the top edge of the railing and the working-walking surface. Visit our construction focused solutions at. These systems are initially compliant, but when tampered with or removed by others throughout the course of construction and not replaced properly, they can be a safety concern. The employer may use chains or gates instead of a removable guardrail section at hoist areas if the employer demonstrates the chains or gates provide a level of safety equivalent to guardrails. Per OSHA 1910.28, railings installed 60 days before April 10, 1990, can be grandfathered into OSHA compliance at a minimum of 36 inches in height from the working-walking surface. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure standard stairs: Are installed at angles between 30 to 50 degrees from the horizontal; Have a maximum riser height of 9.5 inches (24 cm); Have a minimum tread depth of 9.5 inches (24 cm); and. Openings in stair rails. Yarding Safety (Logging) Yarding is the logging operation that moves felled trees from the slash pile to the landing or storage area prior to transportation. Depicts Five diagrams. The third is Hoop and See. To keep apprised of such developments, you can consult OSHA's website at https://www.osha.gov. If constructed of structural metal, the top . Cages and wells installed on fixed ladders are designed, constructed, and maintained to permit easy access to, and egress from, the ladder that they enclose (see Figures D-14 and D-15 of this section); Cages and wells are continuous throughout the length of the fixed ladder, except for access, egress, and other transfer points; Cages and wells are designed, constructed, and maintained to contain employees in the event of a fall, and to direct them to a lower landing; and. (3) For structural steel railings: posts, top rails, and intermediate rails shall be at least 2-inch by 2-inch (5 cm x 10 cm) by 3/8-inch (1.1 cm) angles, with posts spaced not more than 8 feet (2.4 m) apart on centers. 1910.25(e)(4) Have a minimum tread width of 18 inches (46 cm). Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. Chain shall be not less than 1/4 inch alloy steel. Diversified Fall Protection a complete turnkey provider of OSHA compliant horizontal lifeline systems. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. OSHA deems any change in elevation of 48 inches or more to be a fall hazard requiring a form of fall protection in walking-working areas. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. When guardrail systems are used at hoist areas, a removable guardrail section, consisting of a top rail and midrail, are placed across the access opening between guardrail sections when employees are not performing hoisting operations. The height of stair rail systems meets the following: The height of stair rail systems installed before January 17, 2017 is not less than 30 inches (76 cm) from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail; and. Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. LINDA R. ANKU Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. 5 Modular Components, Unlimited Configurations. The criteria and practices requirements for guardrail systems on scaffolds are contained in 29 CFR part 1926, subpart L. Figure D-11 -- Guard Rail Systems. Director of Safety Services For more ways to minimize risk on the job site contact a member of our construction safety team. HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 6'6" clearance from nose of tread . Projection hazards. Answer: The response is a qualified yes. Cal-OSHA is notorious for having more stringent requirements. The second shows a different guard rail system with several more posts, Top Rail, and intermediate vertical member. Mr. Sincerely, Our compliance officers are aware that wire rope is an acceptable method of perimeter protection for buildings under construction. By connecting a body harness and lanyard to a shuttle traveling the length of the line, a worker can safely move along a horizontal (or vertical) plane. Are perimeter safety cables required in this situation under 1926.760(a)(2)? All openings in guardrail systems are small enough to prevent objects from falling through the opening. Sincerely, 1910.25(b)(5)(ii) Less than 22 inches (56 cm) for platforms installed on or after January 17, 2017 (see Figure D-7 of this section); 1910.25(b)(6) Each stair can support at least five times the normal anticipated live load, but never less than a concentrated load of 1,000 pounds (454 kg) applied at any point; 1910.25(b)(7) Standard stairs are used to provide access from one walking-working surface to another when operations necessitate regular and routine travel between levels, including access to operating platforms for equipment. Surfaces. Philadelphia, PA 19146-3639. In-fill panels, such as mesh or screens, must extend from the walking surface to the top-rail and the entire opening between vertical rails. Similarly, OSHA's general industry standards related to guardrail systems (Subpart D Walking-Working Surfaces, specifically 29 CFR 1910.23) do not directly address the spacing of posts in between sections of a freestanding modular guardrail system. The Corner Post System comes with pre-set cable tie-offs to meet OSHA's required 42" top rail and 21" mid rail heights, but can be adjusted when floor thickness changes. Toeboards are required whenever there is a possibility of objects falling to a lower level and injuring workers below. Find out more about the general requirements for toeboard, when is it required? 1910.25(f) Alternating tread-type stairs. GENERAL stairs 4 H or w/3 treads and 4 risers require a stair rail/stair rail system, TREADS must support 1,000 lb, minimum depth 9.5, RISERS must be uniform between landings, 30-50 deg, 9.5 H, RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44 require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44 require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side, HEIGHT CLEARANCE minimum 66 clearance from nose of tread to overhead obstruction, SHIP STAIRS only usable where standard stairs are impractical, 50-70 deg, rise 6.5-11, tread 4, width 18, GENERAL a platform or runway higher than 4 requires guardrails, no substitution (i.e., no chains or other barriers), PLATFORMS must be width of stairs and 30 deep, DOOR CLEARANCE 22 from edge of open door to edge of platform. Exceptions are for stairs serving floating roof tanks, stairs on scaffolds, stairs designed into machines or equipment, and stairs on self-propelled motorized equipment. Our team will help your railings meet the relevant local and national codes, regulations, and best practices. It is designed to be used anywhere a cable must terminate. Do not have more than a 0.25-inch (0.5-cm) clearance or opening above the walking-working surface. 1910.25(b)(4). Read More: OSHA Catwalk Standards. Note that our enforcement guidance may be affected by changes to OSHA rules. Double, 1-inch by 4-inch members may be used for this purpose, provided that one member is fastened in a flat position on top of the posts and the other fastened in an edge-up position to the inside of the posts and the side of the top member. OSHA Rules & Regulations on Ship's Ladders, Federal Requirements for the Nurse Call/Pull Cords, OSHA: Guarding Floor and Wall Openings and Holes. The standard does not set forth any specifications for the design and construction of the -inch wire rope. Return to index . Since cables or chains are commonly used as barriers or guards on construction projects at floor and wall openings and to establish uniformity in this Region, the following criteria will govern the use of cable and chain as guards. Standard Specifications. The chain or cable shall be anchored at intervals not to exceed 100 feet. Have a minimum height of 2.5 inches (6 cm) when used around vehicle repair, service, or assembly pits. The top rail of the stair rail system meets the other handrail requirements in paragraph (f) of this section. OSHA has three classifications of signs: Danger signs Indicate immediate danger and that special precautions are necessary. Richmond, Virginia 23241 P.O. If you have further questions, please feel free to contact the Directorate of Construction at (202) 693-2020. Performs climbing duties as a part of routine work activity. ], Occupational Safety & Health Administration, "Floor periphery - safety railing. Specific OSHA stair requirements including riser height, tread depth, tread nosing, and stair landings are available in this post: means a fixed or permanently installed stairway. OSHA's requirements for guardrail can be found on the OSHA website. 5225 North National Drive Standard stairmeans a fixed or permanently installed stairway. Is capable of withstanding a maximum horizontal pull-out force equal to two times the maximum intended load or 200 pounds (890 N), whichever is greater. He holds a Bachelor of Arts in history from Widener University. The employer must ensure: Finger clearance. Dan Kane Be sure to check with your code official regarding your area's guardrail height requirements. Ladder Access Inadequate provide a gap with a gate between posts where employees can easily climb on/off ladders or offset the opening so employees cannot walk directly through the gap. We have paraphrased your question below: In addition, if there is no parapet or wall that reaches 21 in. Spiral, ship, or alternating tread-type stairs are used only when the employer can demonstrate that it is not feasible to provide standard stairs. The employer is responsible for employee safety on fixed stairways such as roof access stairs,crossover stairs,loading dock stairs,in-plant office stairsare all common workplace stairs. Occupational Safety & Health Administration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, OSHA - ARA's Federal/State Operations - Technical Support. (Note: This product is seeing extensive use in Northern Virginia). Height of Guard rail is 42 IN (3 IN) (107 CM 8 CM). The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has implemented regulations for railings to prevent worker injury or death. Troy Russell Therefore, it does not require perimeter safety cables on the roof level. Top rails and midrails are at least 0.25-inches (0.6 cm) in diameter or in thickness. However, no such carte blanche rule exists and never has in the OSHA regulations. Thank you for your interest in occupational safety and health. The ladder should be placed 7 IN (18 CM) Min on Center and 15 IN (38 CM) MIN from either left or right side with a total space of 27 IN-30 IN (69 CM-76 CM) for well opening, Figure D-15 -- Example of General Construction of Cages. -Christopher, Timberline Communications Inc. OSHA regulations simplified for a safe and compliant workplace. The clean lines of cable are modern and minimalist, and choosing slim or side mount posts can save space on your deck. You can also contact us by mail at the above office, Room N3468, 200 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20210, although there will be a delay in our receiving correspondence by mail. When mobile mechanical equipment is used to perform work that is both temporary and infrequent in a designated area, the employer must ensure the warning line is erected not less than 6 feet (1.8 m) from the unprotected side or edge that is parallel to the direction in which the mechanical equipment is operated, and not less than 10 feet (3 m) from the unprotected side or edge that is perpendicular to the direction in which the mechanical equipment is operated. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. Hispassion is to be a resource his clients can count on when loss control and risk management consulting is needed. These anchors shall be of sufficient strength to support the imposed loads without deflection. Requirements for perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables in the Steel Erection standard. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. GENERAL new or replacement ladders 24 H require PFAS or LSS, RUNGS must be uniform and between 10 14 apart; 16 wide, CLEARANCES 30 on climbing side or 24 w/ deflector plate, 7 on back side, 15 from centerline, SAFETY GATE must have a self-closing gate that swings away from ladder, w/top rail and midrail. This is in response to your letter of June 20, 2003, to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) concerning requirements in the steel erection standard regarding perimeter columns and perimeter safety cables. All lumber dimensions are nominal sizes as provided by the American Softwood Lumber Standards, dated January 1970. Prefabricated Metal Stairs, Easy to Assemble and Ready to Ship. The standard reads as follows: The questions and responses to them are as follows: The standard, as written, could be enforced so that no deflection is permitted. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. Question 2: Although it is not stated anywhere, does 1926.750(b)(1)(iii) require either a midrail or supports (e.g. Read More: OSHA Catwalk Standards These toeboards shall be secured in place as required by the Standards. OSHA requires guardrail posts to be spaced no more than 8-feet apart on center, no matter if its wood, pipe railing, or structural steel. However, cast-in-place concrete structures may transition from wood guard rails to cable guardrails installed by carpenters. Grab handles. Ship, spiral, and alternating tread-type stairs are not considered standard stairs. 2800 Grays Ferry Avenue The top rail is between 39 inches and 45 inches above the walking surface. 1910.25(b)(3) Stairs have uniform riser heights and tread depths between landings; 1910.25(b)(4) Stairway landings and platforms are at least the width of the stair and at least 30 inches (76 cm) in depth, as measured in the direction of travel; 1910.25(b)(5) When a door or a gate opens directly on a stairway, a platform is provided, and the swing of the door or gate does not reduce the platforms effective usable depth to: 1910.25(b)(5)(i) Less than 20 inches (51 cm) for platforms installed before January 17, 2017; and. RISERS must be uniform between landings, 30-50 deg, 9.5" H. WIDTH 22" between railings. R. A. WENDELL However, the guidelines do not provide all the information necessary to build a complete system, and the employer is still responsible for designing and assembling these components in such a way that the completed system will meet the requirements of 1926.502(b)(3), (4), and (5). Question 3: Although it is not stated anywhere, must the wire rope used to comply with 1926.750(b)(1)(iii) (-inch wire rope; or 3/16-inch aircraft wire if you find that to be equivalent) have a maximum permissible deflection of 3-inches in one direction when a load of 200 pounds is applied in any direction at any point? In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure ship stairs (see Figure D-9 of this section): Are installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; Have open risers with a vertical rise between tread surfaces of 6.5 to 12 inches (17 to 30 cm); 1910.25(e)(3) Have minimum tread depth of 4 inches (10 cm); and. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. OSHA requires railing to be .25-inches (.6 cm) in diameter or thickness. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. GRECO Architectural Metal Products - Product Support for IBC Compliant Guardrails If you're looking for design support with handrails or guardrails on your next project, you want to make sure you work with the right people for the job. In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure spiral stairs: Have a minimum clear width of 26 inches (66 cm); Have a minimum headroom above spiral stair treads of at least 6 feet, 6 inches (2 m), measured from the leading edge of the tread; Have a minimum tread depth of 7.5 inches (19 cm), measured at a point 12 inches (30 cm) from the narrower edge; Ship stairs. The standard requires guardrail systems and components to be designed and built to meet the requirements of 1926.502(b)(3), (4), and (5). Toeboards shall be 4 inches minimum in vertical height and of any material which will provide the strength equivalent to a Standard Southern Pine 1 inch by 4 inch board. Intermediate vertical members, such as balusters cannot be more than 19 inches (48 cm) apart. Toeboards Omitted ensure toeboards, that are a minimum of 4 in height and do not exceed a gap from the walking/working surface, are present around all open sides. For guardrail systems used around holes through which materials may be passed: When materials are being passed through the hole, not more than two sides of the guardrail system are removed; and. The customer service was great. Miles, Jr., Director Copyright 2023 ErectaStep. Cages, wells, and platforms used with fixed ladders. Answer: The response to this question is a qualified yes. Our interpretation letters explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances, but they cannot create additional employer obligations. Note to paragraph (b) of this section:
One stair rail system with handrail on open side, one handrail on enclosed side, and one intermediate handrail located in the middle of the stair. TERMS OF USE|PRIVACY POLICY|SITEMAP|LEGAL NOTICE|INCOME DISCLOSURE. MOdErn sTEEl COnsTruCTiOn feBruary 2009 U.S. Department of . (3) Wood top railings shall be smooth and of 2-inch by 4-inch or larger material. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation of the requirements discussed. They must follow the regulations described below. Wire rope and/or cable as a method of perimeter protection for a building under construction. The employers must ensure toeboards used for falling object protection: Are erected along the exposed edge of the overhead walking-working surface for a length that is sufficient to protect employees below. Stainless steel cable railing is easy to clean and maintain over time. Stair rail or stair rail systemmeans a barrier erected along the exposed or open side of stairways to prevent employees from falling to a lower level. Midrails are placed halfway between the top rail and ground. The employer must ensure each grab handle: [81 FR 82994-82998, Nov. 18, 2016; 84 FR 68796, Dec. 17, 2019], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. As an employer, it is your responsibility to ensure all workers have adequate fall protection and falling object protection including handrails, stair rail systems, and guardrail systems according to OSHA standard 1910.28. A safety railing of -inch wire rope. In addition, you submitted information regarding your freestanding guardrail system as well as a photograph of what appears to be a typical installation of the guardrail system. Rungs, cleats, and steps of portableladders and fixed ladders should be a minimum of 10 inches (25 cm) apart and no larger than 14 inches (36 cm) apart, as measured between center lines of the rungs, cleats, and steps. The minimum guardrail system height requirement of the majority of codes is 42 inches plus or minus 3 inches. System Not Properly Terminated common issues include wire rope clips installed backwards, not enough wire rope clips, and the cables are improperly spliced. Also, from time to time we update our guidance in response to new information. 1) safety railing must be -inch in diameter (a plastic coating could be used to bring the diameter up to -inch) 2) the safety railing must be 42 inches high, plus or minus 3 inches 3) the top must not fail and may deflect to a point no lower than 39 inches above the floor when a 200 pound load is imposed on it in a downward or outward direction. 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